Just so stories, The Sing-song of Old Man Kangaroo, sentence 26
He ran through the ti-trees; he ran through the mulga; he ran through the long grass; he ran through the short grass; he ran through the Tropics of Capricorn and Cancer; he ran till his hind legs ached.
Who acts: Kangaroo, hind legs · What happens: run, ache · To what, where: ti trees, mulga, long grass, short grass, Tropics
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Sing-song of Old Man Kangaroo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kangaroo, hind legs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 ran | nsubj |
| 2 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | through | through | ADP | _ | 7 trees | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 trees | det |
| 5 | ti | ti | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 trees | amod |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 ti | punct |
| 7 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 ran | obl |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 ran | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 ran | nsubj |
| 10 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 ran | conj |
| 11 | through | through | ADP | _ | 13 mulga | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 mulga | det |
| 13 | mulga | mulga | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ran | obl |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 ran | punct |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 ran | nsubj |
| 16 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 ran | conj |
| 17 | through | through | ADP | _ | 20 grass | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 grass | det |
| 19 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 grass | amod |
| 20 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 ran | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 ran | punct |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 ran | nsubj |
| 23 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 ran | conj |
| 24 | through | through | ADP | _ | 27 grass | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 grass | det |
| 26 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 grass | amod |
| 27 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 ran | obl |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 ran | punct |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 ran | nsubj |
| 30 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 ran | conj |
| 31 | through | through | ADP | _ | 33 Tropics | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 Tropics | det |
| 33 | Tropics | Tropic | PROPN | Number=Plur | 30 ran | obl |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 Capricorn | case |
| 35 | Capricorn | Capricorn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 Tropics | nmod |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 Cancer | cc |
| 37 | Cancer | Cancer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Capricorn | conj |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 ran | punct |
| 39 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 ran | nsubj |
| 40 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 ran | conj |
| 41 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 45 ached | mark |
| 42 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 legs | nmod:poss |
| 43 | hind | hind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 legs | amod |
| 44 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 ached | nsubj |
| 45 | ached | ache | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 ran | advcl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past | Kangaroo | the ti trees | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through tree=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | run | past | Kangaroo | the mulga | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through mulga=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | run | past | Kangaroo | the long grass | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through grass=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | run | past | Kangaroo | the short grass | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through grass=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | run | past | Kangaroo | the Tropics of Capricorn and Cancer | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through tropic=Trajectory | ||||
| 6 | run | past | Kangaroo | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | ache | past | Kangaroo's hind legs | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/7/26/