Just so stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, sentence 51
‘I don’t know, because I’ve never been scooped out of my shell before; but I tell you truly, if you want to see me swim away you’ve only got to drop me into the water.
Who acts: I, you, me · What happens: not know, not scoop, tell, want, see, swim away · To what, where: I, shell, you, me, water · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Beginning of the Armadillos. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you, me), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 know | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 know | nsubj |
| 3 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 know | aux |
| 4 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 know | advmod |
| 5 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 scooped | punct |
| 7 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 12 scooped | mark |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 scooped | nsubj |
| 9 | ’ve | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 scooped | aux |
| 10 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 12 scooped | advmod |
| 11 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 scooped | aux:pass |
| 12 | scooped | scoop | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 know | ccomp |
| 13 | out | out | ADP | _ | 16 shell | case |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 shell | case |
| 15 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 shell | nmod:poss |
| 16 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 scooped | obl |
| 17 | before | before | ADV | _ | 12 scooped | advmod |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 tell | punct |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 tell | cc |
| 20 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 tell | nsubj |
| 21 | tell | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 know | conj |
| 22 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 21 tell | iobj |
| 23 | truly | truly | ADV | _ | 21 tell | advmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 want | punct |
| 25 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 27 want | mark |
| 26 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 27 want | nsubj |
| 27 | want | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 tell | ccomp |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 see | mark |
| 29 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 want | xcomp |
| 30 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 see | obj |
| 31 | swim | swim | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 see | xcomp |
| 32 | away | away | ADV | _ | 31 swim | advmod |
| 33 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 36 got | nsubj |
| 34 | ’ve | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 got | aux |
| 35 | only | only | ADV | _ | 36 got | advmod |
| 36 | got | get | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 27 want | parataxis |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 drop | mark |
| 38 | drop | drop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 got | xcomp |
| 39 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 drop | obj |
| 40 | into | into | ADP | _ | 42 water | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 water | det |
| 42 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 drop | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 know | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not know | present · do-support | I | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | not scoop | present · perfect · passive | I | my shell | before property | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme out shell=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | present | I | you | truly property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP what S»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 4 | want a condition, not said to happen | present | you | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 5 | see not said to happen | to-infinitive | you not said here | me | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | swim away | infinitive | me not said here | away property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | get | present · perfect | you | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 8 | drop | to-infinitive | you not said here | me | the water | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent i=Theme into water=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/51/