Just so stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, sentence 62

‘I told him truthfully that I was a truthful Tortoise, but he wouldn’t believe it, and he made me jump into the river to see if I was, and I was, and he is surprised.

Who acts: I, Painted, me · What happens: tell, be, not believe, make, jump, see · To what, where: Painted, truthful Tortoise, sentence, me, river · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Beginning of the Armadillos. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Painted, me), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	‘	'	PUNCT	_	3 told	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 told	nsubj
3	told	tell	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 told	iobj
5	truthfully	truthfully	ADV	_	3 told	advmod
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 Tortoise	mark
7	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 Tortoise	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 Tortoise	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 Tortoise	det
10	truthful	truthful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 Tortoise	amod
11	Tortoise	tortoise	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 told	ccomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 believe	punct
13	but	but	CCONJ	_	17 believe	cc
14	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 believe	nsubj
15	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 believe	aux
16	n’t	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 believe	advmod
17	believe	believe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 told	conj
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 believe	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 made	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 made	cc
21	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 made	nsubj
22	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 told	conj
23	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 made	obj
24	jump	jump	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 made	xcomp
25	into	into	ADP	_	27 river	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 river	det
27	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 jump	obl
28	to	to	PART	_	29 see	mark
29	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 jump	advcl
30	if	if	SCONJ	_	32 was	mark
31	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	32 was	nsubj
32	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	29 see	advcl
33	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 surprised	punct
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 surprised	cc
35	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	41 surprised	nsubj
36	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	41 surprised	cop
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	41 surprised	punct
38	and	and	CCONJ	_	41 surprised	cc
39	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	41 surprised	nsubj
40	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	41 surprised	cop
41	surprised	surprised	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 told	conj
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 told	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	past	I		Painted	truthfully property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient
2	is a	past	I	a truthful Tortoise			tree rules
3	not believe	would	Painted	sentence			vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
4	make	past	Painted	me			tree rules
5	jump	infinitive	me not said here			into the river result	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into river=Result
6	see	to-infinitive	me not said here				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
7	be a condition, not said to happen	past	I				vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
8	is	past	I			surprised property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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