Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 12

Tegumai’s spear was made of wood with shark’s teeth at the end, and before he had caught any fish at all he accidentally broke it clean across by jabbing it down too hard on the bottom of the river.

Who acts: spear · What happens: make, catch, break, jab down · To what, where: spear, all, fish

This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (spear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tegumai	Tegumai	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 spear	nmod:poss
2	’s	's	PART	_	1 Tegumai	case
3	spear	spear	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 made	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 made	aux:pass
5	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 wood	case
7	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 made	obl
8	with	with	ADP	_	11 teeth	case
9	shark	shark	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 teeth	nmod:poss
10	’s	's	PART	_	9 shark	case
11	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 made	obl
12	at	at	ADP	_	14 end	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 end	det
14	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 teeth	nmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 caught	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 caught	cc
17	before	before	SCONJ	_	20 caught	mark
18	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 caught	nsubj:pass
19	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 caught	aux
20	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 made	conj
21	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	22 fish	det
22	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 caught	obj
23	at	at	ADP	_	24 all	case
24	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	20 caught	obl
25	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 broke	nsubj
26	accidentally	accidentally	ADV	_	27 broke	advmod
27	broke	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	20 caught	ccomp
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 broke	obj
29	clean	clean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 broke	xcomp
30	across	across	ADV	_	27 broke	advmod
31	by	by	SCONJ	_	32 jabbing	mark
32	jabbing	jab	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	27 broke	advcl
33	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	32 jabbing	obj
34	down	down	ADP	_	32 jabbing	compound:prt
35	too	too	ADV	_	36 hard	advmod
36	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	39 bottom	advmod
37	on	on	ADP	_	39 bottom	case
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 bottom	det
39	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 jabbing	obl
40	of	of	ADP	_	42 river	case
41	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	42 river	det
42	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 bottom	nmod
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 made	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	make	past · passive		Tegumai's spear		of wood; with shark's teeth at the end	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
2	catch	past · perfect · passive		spear	all		tree rules
3	break	past	spear	fish		accidentally, across, clean property	vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Patient
4	jab down	gerund	spear not said here	fish		on the bottom of the river	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent it=Instrument on bottom=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/12/