Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 159
I drawded them to show him the way through the swamp; and I drawded Mummy at the mouth of the Cave looking pleased because he is a nice Stranger-man, and I think you are just the stupidest people in the world,’ said Taffy.
Who acts: I, Cave, Mummy, you, Taffy · What happens: drawd, show, look, be, think, say · To what, where: people, way, Mummy, swamp, mouth, nice Stranger man · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Cave, Mummy, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 drawded | nsubj |
| 2 | drawded | drawd | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 drawded | obj |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 show | mark |
| 5 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 drawded | advcl |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 show | iobj |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 way | det |
| 8 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 show | obj |
| 9 | through | through | ADP | _ | 11 swamp | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 swamp | det |
| 11 | swamp | swamp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 show | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 drawded | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 drawded | cc |
| 14 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 15 drawded | nsubj |
| 15 | drawded | drawd | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 drawded | conj |
| 16 | Mummy | Mummy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 drawded | obj |
| 17 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 mouth | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 mouth | det |
| 19 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 drawded | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 Cave | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Cave | det |
| 22 | Cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 mouth | nmod |
| 23 | looking | look | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 22 Cave | acl |
| 24 | pleased | pleased | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 looking | xcomp |
| 25 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 32 man | mark |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 man | nsubj |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 man | cop |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 man | det |
| 29 | nice | nice | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 man | amod |
| 30 | Stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 man | compound |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 Stranger | punct |
| 32 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 drawded | advcl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 think | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 think | cc |
| 35 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 think | nsubj |
| 36 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 drawded | parataxis |
| 37 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 42 people | nsubj |
| 38 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 people | cop |
| 39 | just | just | ADV | _ | 42 people | advmod |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 people | det |
| 41 | stupidest | stupid | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 42 people | amod |
| 42 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 think | ccomp |
| 43 | in | in | ADP | _ | 45 world | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 world | det |
| 45 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 people | nmod |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 said | punct |
| 47 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 48 said | punct |
| 48 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 people | parataxis |
| 49 | Taffy | Taffy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 said | nsubj |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 drawded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drawd | past | I | people | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | show | to-infinitive | I not said here | the way | Mummy | the swamp | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient way=Topic | ||
| 3 | drawd | past | I | Mummy | the mouth of the Cave | tree rules | |||
| 4 | look | gerund | the Cave not said here | pleased property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | Mummy | a nice Stranger man | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | think speech: other | present | I | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is a | present | you | the stupidest people | the world | tree rules | |||
| 8 | say speech: assert | past | Taffy | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/159/