Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 72
‘Look,’ said Taffy, drawing very hard and rather scratchily, ‘now I’ve drawn you, and I’ve put the spear that Daddy wants into your hand, just to remind you that you’re to bring it.
Who acts: Taffy, I, Daddy, you · What happens: look, say, draw, have, put, want · To what, where: you, spear, hand · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Taffy, I, Daddy, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 2 Look | punct |
| 2 | Look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 said | ccomp |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Look | punct |
| 4 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 2 Look | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | Taffy | Taffy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 said | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 drawing | punct |
| 8 | drawing | draw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 said | advcl |
| 9 | very | very | ADV | _ | 10 hard | advmod |
| 10 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 drawing | advmod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 scratchily | cc |
| 12 | rather | rather | ADV | _ | 13 scratchily | advmod |
| 13 | scratchily | scratchily | ADV | _ | 10 hard | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 drawn | punct |
| 15 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 19 drawn | punct |
| 16 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 19 drawn | advmod |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 drawn | nsubj |
| 18 | ’ve | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 drawn | aux |
| 19 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 drawing | advcl |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 19 drawn | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 ’ve | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 ’ve | cc |
| 23 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 ’ve | nsubj |
| 24 | ’ve | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 drawn | conj |
| 25 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 ’ve | xcomp |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 spear | det |
| 27 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 put | obj |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 30 wants | mark |
| 29 | Daddy | Daddy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 wants | nsubj |
| 30 | wants | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 put | advcl |
| 31 | into | into | ADP | _ | 33 hand | case |
| 32 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 hand | nmod:poss |
| 33 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 wants | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 remind | punct |
| 35 | just | just | ADV | _ | 37 remind | advmod |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 remind | mark |
| 37 | remind | remind | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 put | advcl |
| 38 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 37 remind | iobj |
| 39 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 41 ’re | mark |
| 40 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 41 ’re | nsubj |
| 41 | ’re | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 remind | ccomp |
| 42 | to | to | PART | _ | 43 bring | mark |
| 43 | bring | bring | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 ’re | xcomp |
| 44 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 bring | obj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | infinitive | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Taffy | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | draw | gerund | Taffy not said here | hard property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | draw | present · perfect | I | you | now | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme | |||
| 5 | have | present | I | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | put | infinitive | I not said here | the spear | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent spear=Goal | ||||
| 7 | want | present | Daddy | your hand | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 8 | remind speech: other | to-infinitive | I not said here | you | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient S»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 9 | does | present | you | tree rules | |||||
| 10 | bring | to-infinitive | you not said here | hand | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/72/