Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 85
I’ve made her holding up her hands, because I know she’ll be so pleased to see you.
Who acts: I, Mind · What happens: be, make, hold up, know, see · To what, where: I, Mind, hands, you
This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Mind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 made | nsubj |
| 2 | ’ve | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 I | cop |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 made | obj |
| 5 | holding | hold | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 made | advcl |
| 6 | up | up | ADP | _ | 8 hands | case |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 hands | nmod:poss |
| 8 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 holding | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 know | punct |
| 10 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 12 know | mark |
| 11 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 12 know | nsubj |
| 12 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | parataxis |
| 13 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 pleased | nsubj |
| 14 | ’ll | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 pleased | aux |
| 15 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 17 pleased | cop |
| 16 | so | so | ADV | _ | 17 pleased | advmod |
| 17 | pleased | pleased | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 know | ccomp |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 see | mark |
| 19 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 pleased | xcomp |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 19 see | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | I | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | make | past | I | Mind | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Product | ||||
| 3 | hold up | gerund | I not said here | Mind's hands | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot hand=Theme | ||||
| 4 | know | present | I | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | is | future | Mind | pleased property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | see | to-infinitive | Mind not said here | you | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/85/