Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 89

He said to himself,’ If I do not fetch this great Chief’s tribe to help him, he will be slain by his enemies who are coming up on all sides with spears.

Who acts: man, I, enemies · What happens: say, not fetch, help, slay, come up · To what, where: man, Chief tribe, sides · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, I, enemies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 said	nsubj
2	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 himself	case
4	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 said	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 ’	punct
6	’	'	INTJ	_	2 said	parataxis
7	If	if	SCONJ	_	11 fetch	mark
8	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 fetch	nsubj
9	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 fetch	aux
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 fetch	advmod
11	fetch	fetch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 said	advcl
12	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	14 Chief	nsubj
13	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 Chief	amod
14	Chief	Chief	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 tribe	compound
15	’s	's	PART	_	14 Chief	case
16	tribe	tribe	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 fetch	obj
17	to	to	PART	_	18 help	mark
18	help	help	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 fetch	advcl
19	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 help	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 slain	punct
21	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 slain	nsubj
22	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 slain	aux
23	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	24 slain	aux:pass
24	slain	slay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 said	conj
25	by	by	ADP	_	27 enemies	case
26	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	27 enemies	nmod:poss
27	enemies	enemy	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 slain	obl
28	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	30 coming	nsubj
29	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 coming	aux
30	coming	come	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	27 enemies	acl:relcl
31	up	up	ADP	_	30 coming	compound:prt
32	on	on	ADP	_	34 sides	case
33	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	34 sides	det
34	sides	side	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 coming	obl
35	with	with	ADP	_	36 spears	case
36	spears	spear	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 sides	nmod
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 said	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	man		man		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient
2	not fetch a condition, not said to happen	present · do-support	I	Chief tribe			vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tribe=Theme
3	help	to-infinitive	I not said here		man		vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary
4	slay	future · passive	man's enemies	man			vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
5	come up	present · progressive	man's enemies			all sides with spears	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on side=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/89/