Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter VIII, sentence 39
“The cuckoo calling from the tree that is highest in the hedge,” cried his merry son.
Who acts: cuckoo, merry son · What happens: call, be, cry · To what, where: tree, hedge · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter VIII. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cuckoo, merry son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 highest | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 cuckoo | det |
| 3 | cuckoo | cuckoo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 highest | nsubj |
| 4 | calling | call | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 cuckoo | acl |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 7 tree | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 tree | det |
| 7 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 calling | obl |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 highest | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 highest | cop |
| 10 | highest | high | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 16 cried | nsubj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 hedge | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 hedge | det |
| 13 | hedge | hedge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 highest | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 highest | punct |
| 15 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 highest | punct |
| 16 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 son | nmod:poss |
| 18 | merry | merry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 son | amod |
| 19 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 cried | obj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 cried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call in a quote | gerund | the cuckoo not said here | the tree | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from tree=Source | ||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | the cuckoo | the hedge | high property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | cry speech: express | past | Oisi’n's merry son | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/21/39/