Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter VIII, sentence 44
And the other champions told their delight; the belling of a stag across water, the baying of a tuneful pack heard in the distance, the song of a lark, the laugh of a gleeful girl, or the whisper of a moved one.
Who acts: other champions, champions, lark, gleeful girl · What happens: tell, bay, hear, move, delight, sing · To what, where: delight, tuneful pack, moved one · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter VIII. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (other champions, champions, lark, gleeful girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 told | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 champions | det |
| 3 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 champions | amod |
| 4 | champions | champion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 told | nsubj |
| 5 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 delight | nmod:poss |
| 7 | delight | delight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 told | iobj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 belling | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 belling | det |
| 10 | belling | belling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 told | conj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 stag | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 stag | det |
| 13 | stag | stag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 belling | nmod |
| 14 | across | across | ADP | _ | 15 water | case |
| 15 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 stag | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 baying | punct |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 baying | det |
| 18 | baying | bay | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 belling | conj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 pack | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 pack | det |
| 21 | tuneful | tuneful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 pack | amod |
| 22 | pack | pack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 baying | obl |
| 23 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 pack | acl |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 distance | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 distance | det |
| 26 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 heard | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 song | punct |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 song | det |
| 29 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 belling | conj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 lark | case |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 lark | det |
| 32 | lark | lark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 song | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 laugh | punct |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 laugh | det |
| 35 | laugh | laugh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 belling | conj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 girl | case |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 girl | det |
| 38 | gleeful | gleeful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 girl | amod |
| 39 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 laugh | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 whisper | punct |
| 41 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 43 whisper | cc |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 whisper | det |
| 43 | whisper | whisper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 belling | conj |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 one | case |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 one | det |
| 46 | moved | move | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 47 one | amod |
| 47 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 whisper | nmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | past | the other champions | champions's delight | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent delight=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | bay | gerund | the other champions not said here | of a tuneful pack | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | hear | participle | a tuneful pack not said here | in the distance | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | move | participle | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | delight | champions = champion | nom delight «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 6 | sing | a lark | nom song «communication intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 7 | laugh | a gleeful girl | nom laugh «communication intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 8 | whisper | a moved one | nom whisper «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/21/44/