Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter II, sentence 18
“He has his own troubles,” they said.
Who acts: ear, troubles · What happens: have, say, trouble · To what, where: own troubles · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter II. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ear, troubles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
| 2 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 said | ccomp |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 troubles | nmod:poss |
| 5 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 troubles | amod |
| 6 | troubles | trouble | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 has | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
| 8 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 said | nsubj |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have in a quote | present | ear | ear's own troubles | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trouble=Patient | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | troubles = trouble | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | trouble in a quote | ear | nom trouble «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/3/18/