Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter I, sentence 30
“Here is a change,” said Fionn, staring in astonishment.
Who acts: change · What happens: be, say, stare · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (change), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Here | punct |
| 2 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 said | advmod |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 Here | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 change | det |
| 5 | change | change | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 said | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 change | punct |
| 7 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 change | punct |
| 8 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | Fionn | Fionn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 said | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 staring | punct |
| 11 | staring | stare | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 said | advcl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 astonishment | case |
| 13 | astonishment | astonishment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 staring | obl |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | here property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | a change | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | stare | gerund | a change not said here | in astonishment | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in astonishment=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/33/30/