Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter I, sentence 21
“Had you not observed it before?” his master asked with kindly malice.
Who acts: you, master · What happens: have, not observe, ask · To what, where: truth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, master), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Had | punct |
| 2 | Had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 5 observed | nsubj |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 observed | advmod |
| 5 | observed | observe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 Had | ccomp |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 observed | obj |
| 7 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 5 observed | obl |
| 8 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 Had | punct |
| 9 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 Had | punct |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 master | nmod:poss |
| 11 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 asked | nsubj |
| 12 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 Had | parataxis |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 malice | case |
| 14 | kindly | kindly | ADV | _ | 15 malice | advmod |
| 15 | malice | malice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 asked | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 Had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have in a quote | past | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | not observe in a quote | past | you | truth | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic | ||||
| 3 | ask speech: ask | past | Crimthann's master | with malice | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/40/21/