Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter I, sentence 27
“The king’s majesty uses the words ‘we’ and ‘us’ when referring to the king’s majesty,” said Dermod, “but princes who do not yet rule territories must use another form of speech when referring to themselves.”
Who acts: majesty, Dermod, princes · What happens: use, refer, say, form · To what, where: words, form, territories, speech · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (majesty, Dermod, princes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 uses | punct |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 king | det |
| 3 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 majesty | nmod:poss |
| 4 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 3 king | case |
| 5 | majesty | majesty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 uses | nsubj |
| 6 | uses | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 said | ccomp |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 words | det |
| 8 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 uses | obj |
| 9 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 10 we | punct |
| 10 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 words | nmod |
| 11 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 10 we | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 us | cc |
| 13 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 14 us | punct |
| 14 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 we | conj |
| 15 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 10 we | punct |
| 16 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 referring | advmod |
| 17 | referring | refer | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 uses | advcl |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 majesty | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 king | det |
| 20 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 majesty | nmod:poss |
| 21 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 20 king | case |
| 22 | majesty | majesty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 referring | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 referring | punct |
| 24 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 uses | punct |
| 25 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 26 | Dermod | Dermod | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 said | nsubj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 princes | punct |
| 28 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 princes | punct |
| 29 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 30 princes | cc |
| 30 | princes | prince | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 said | parataxis |
| 31 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 use | nsubj |
| 32 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 use | aux |
| 33 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 36 territories | advmod |
| 34 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 36 territories | advmod |
| 35 | rule | rule | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 territories | compound |
| 36 | territories | territory | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 use | nsubj |
| 37 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 use | aux |
| 38 | use | use | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 princes | parataxis |
| 39 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 40 form | det |
| 40 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 use | obj |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 speech | case |
| 42 | speech | speech | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 form | nmod |
| 43 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 44 referring | advmod |
| 44 | referring | refer | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 38 use | advcl |
| 45 | to | to | ADP | _ | 46 themselves | case |
| 46 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 44 referring | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 30 princes | punct |
| 48 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 princes | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use in a quote | present | the king's majesty | the words we | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient | ||||
| 2 | refer in a quote | gerund | the king's majesty not said here | to the king's majesty | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to majesty=Co-Theme | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Dermod | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | use in a quote | must · present · do-support | princes | another form of speech | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Patient | ||||
| 5 | refer in a quote | gerund | princes not said here | territories = territory | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to themselves=Co-Theme | ||||
| 6 | form in a quote | speech | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/40/27/