Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter II, sentence 85

They began to chant and intone long, heavy rhymes and incantations, until the rhythmic beating of their voices covered even the noise of war, so that the men stopped hacking and hewing, and let their weapons drop from their hands.

Who acts: Lips, voices, men, weapons, war · What happens: begin, chant, intone, cover, stop, hack · To what, where: long heavy rhymes, noise, hands, voices

This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter II. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lips, voices, men, weapons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 began	nsubj
2	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 chant	mark
4	chant	chant	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 began	xcomp
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 intone	cc
6	intone	intone	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 chant	conj
7	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 rhymes	amod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 rhymes	punct
9	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 rhymes	amod
10	rhymes	rhyme	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 intone	obj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 incantations	cc
12	incantations	incantation	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 rhymes	conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 beating	punct
14	until	until	ADP	_	17 beating	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 beating	det
16	rhythmic	rhythmic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 beating	amod
17	beating	beating	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 began	obl
18	of	of	ADP	_	20 voices	case
19	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 voices	nmod:poss
20	voices	voice	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 beating	nmod
21	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 voices	acl
22	even	even	ADV	_	24 noise	advmod
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 noise	det
24	noise	noise	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 covered	obj
25	of	of	ADP	_	26 war	case
26	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 noise	nmod
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	32 stopped	punct
28	so	so	ADV	_	32 stopped	advmod
29	that	that	SCONJ	_	32 stopped	mark
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 men	det
31	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 stopped	nsubj
32	stopped	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 began	parataxis
33	hacking	hack	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	32 stopped	xcomp
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 hewing	cc
35	hewing	hew	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	33 hacking	conj
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 let	punct
37	and	and	CCONJ	_	38 let	cc
38	let	let	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	32 stopped	conj
39	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	40 weapons	nmod:poss
40	weapons	weapon	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 drop	nsubj
41	drop	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	38 let	xcomp
42	from	from	ADP	_	44 hands	case
43	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	44 hands	nmod:poss
44	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 drop	obl
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 began	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	begin	past	Lips = lip			until the rhythmic beating of Lips's voices	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	chant	to-infinitive	Lips = lip not said here				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	intone	infinitive	Lips = lip not said here	long heavy rhymes and incantations			vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rhyme=Theme
4	cover	participle	Lips's voices not said here	the noise of war			vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme noise=Destination
5	stop	past	the men				vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
6	hack	gerund	the men not said here				vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
7	hew	gerund	the men not said here				vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
8	let	infinitive	the men not said here				tree rules
9	drop	present	Lips's weapons		Lips's hands		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme from hand=Trajectory
10	beat			Lips's voices			nom beating «act transitive»: of=patient
11	noise		war				nom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/46/85/