Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter III, sentence 8
“You see, he has already commenced it,” cried Goll.
Who acts: You, king · What happens: see, commence, cry · To what, where: lie · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter III. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 commenced | punct |
| 2 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 see | nsubj |
| 3 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 commenced | parataxis |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 see | punct |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 commenced | nsubj |
| 6 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 commenced | aux |
| 7 | already | already | ADV | _ | 8 commenced | advmod |
| 8 | commenced | commence | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 cried | parataxis |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 commenced | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 commenced | punct |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 commenced | punct |
| 12 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | Goll | Goll | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 cried | flat |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 cried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see in a quote | present | You | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | commence in a quote | present · perfect | king | lie | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | cry speech: express | past | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/47/8/