Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter I, sentence 15
As the ship drew by the shore the watchers observed a tall man swing from the side by means of his spear shafts, and in a little while this gentleman was announced to Fionn, and was brought into his presence.
Who acts: ship, watchers, spear · What happens: draw, observe, mean, shaft, announce, bring · To what, where: tall man swing, side, gentleman, Fionn, little, presence
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ship, watchers, spear), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 drew | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 ship | det |
| 3 | ship | ship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 drew | nsubj |
| 4 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 observed | advcl |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 shore | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 shore | det |
| 7 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 drew | obl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 watchers | det |
| 9 | watchers | watcher | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 observed | nsubj |
| 10 | observed | observe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 means | nsubj |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 swing | det |
| 12 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 swing | amod |
| 13 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 swing | compound |
| 14 | swing | swing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 observed | obj |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 side | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 side | det |
| 17 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 swing | nmod |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 means | case |
| 19 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 20 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 23 shafts | mark |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 spear | nmod:poss |
| 22 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 shafts | nsubj |
| 23 | shafts | shaft | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 means | advcl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 announced | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 announced | cc |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 little | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 little | det |
| 28 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 announced | obl |
| 29 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 33 announced | mark |
| 30 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 31 gentleman | det |
| 31 | gentleman | gentleman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 announced | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 announced | aux:pass |
| 33 | announced | announce | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 means | conj |
| 34 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 Fionn | case |
| 35 | Fionn | Fionn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 announced | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 brought | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 brought | cc |
| 38 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 brought | aux:pass |
| 39 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 announced | conj |
| 40 | into | into | ADP | _ | 42 presence | case |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 presence | nmod:poss |
| 42 | presence | presence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 brought | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 means | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | past | the ship | by the shore | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | observe | past | the watchers | a tall man swing | the side | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent swing=Topic | |||
| 3 | mean | present | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | shaft | present | person's spear | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | announce speech: other | past · passive | this gentleman | Fionn | a little | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to fionn=Recipient | |||
| 6 | bring | past · passive | person's presence | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: into presence=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/48/15/