Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter V, sentence 35
He ran determinedly on that backward journey, and as the path he had travelled was beaten out as if it had been trampled by an hundred bulls yoked neck to neck, he was able to find the two bushes and the two coat-tails.
Who acts: Carl, hundred bulls · What happens: run, travell, beat out, trample, yoke, be · To what, where: backward journey, path, neck, two bushes
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter V. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Carl, hundred bulls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 ran | nsubj |
| 2 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | determinedly | determinedly | ADV | _ | 2 ran | advmod |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 journey | case |
| 5 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 journey | det |
| 6 | backward | backward | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 journey | amod |
| 7 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 ran | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 beaten | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 beaten | cc |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 path | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 path | det |
| 12 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 beaten | obl |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 travelled | nsubj |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 travelled | aux |
| 15 | travelled | travell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 path | acl:relcl |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 beaten | aux:pass |
| 17 | beaten | beat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 ran | parataxis |
| 18 | out | out | ADP | _ | 17 beaten | compound:prt |
| 19 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 24 trampled | mark |
| 20 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 24 trampled | mark |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 trampled | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 trampled | aux |
| 23 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 24 trampled | aux:pass |
| 24 | trampled | trample | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 yoked | advcl |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 28 bulls | case |
| 26 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 bulls | det |
| 27 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 28 bulls | nummod |
| 28 | bulls | bull | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 trampled | obl |
| 29 | yoked | yoke | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 beaten | conj |
| 30 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 yoked | obj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 neck | mark |
| 32 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 neck | acl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 able | punct |
| 34 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 able | nsubj |
| 35 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 able | cop |
| 36 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 ran | parataxis |
| 37 | to | to | PART | _ | 38 find | mark |
| 38 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 able | xcomp |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 bushes | det |
| 40 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 41 bushes | nummod |
| 41 | bushes | bush | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 find | obj |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 tails | cc |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 tails | det |
| 44 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 47 tails | nummod |
| 45 | coat | coat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 tails | compound |
| 46 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 45 coat | punct |
| 47 | tails | tail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 bushes | conj |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | run | past | Carl | that backward journey | determinedly property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on journey=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | travell | past · perfect | Carl | the path not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | beat out | past · passive | as the path | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V» | |||||
| 4 | trample | past · perfect · passive | a hundred bulls | path | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | yoke | past | neck | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent neck=Destination | |||||
| 6 | is | past | Carl | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | find | to-infinitive | Carl not said here | the two bushes and the two coat tails | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bush=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/52/35/