Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter V, sentence 13

The wind went down; the clouds stood still; the old hill itself held its breath; the warriors within ceased to be men and became each an ear; and the dogs sat in a vast circle round the combatants, with their heads all to one side, their noses poked forward, their mouths half open, and their tails forgotten.

Who acts: wind, clouds, old hill, dogs, tails · What happens: go down, stand, hold, cease, be, become · To what, where: breath, warriors, men, ear, noses, vast circle

This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter V. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wind, clouds, old hill, dogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 wind	det
2	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 went	nsubj
3	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	down	down	ADV	_	3 went	advmod
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 stood	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 clouds	det
7	clouds	cloud	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 stood	nsubj
8	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 went	conj
9	still	still	ADV	_	8 stood	advmod
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 held	punct
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 hill	det
12	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 hill	amod
13	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 held	nsubj
14	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	13 hill	nmod:unmarked
15	held	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 stood	conj
16	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 breath	nmod:poss
17	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 held	obj
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	20 warriors	punct
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 warriors	det
20	warriors	warrior	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 went	parataxis
21	within	within	ADP	_	22 ceased	mark
22	ceased	cease	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 warriors	acl
23	to	to	PART	_	25 men	mark
24	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	25 men	cop
25	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 ceased	obl:agent
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 became	cc
27	became	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 went	conj
28	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	30 ear	det
29	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	30 ear	det
30	ear	ear	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 became	xcomp
31	;	;	PUNCT	_	35 sat	punct
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 sat	cc
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 dogs	det
34	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 sat	nsubj
35	sat	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 went	parataxis
36	in	in	ADP	_	39 circle	case
37	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	39 circle	det
38	vast	vast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 circle	amod
39	circle	circle	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 sat	obl
40	round	round	ADP	_	42 combatants	case
41	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	42 combatants	det
42	combatants	combatant	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 sat	obl
43	,	,	PUNCT	_	46 heads	punct
44	with	with	ADP	_	46 heads	case
45	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	46 heads	nmod:poss
46	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 sat	obl
47	all	all	ADV	_	50 side	advmod
48	to	to	ADP	_	50 side	case
49	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	50 side	nummod
50	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	35 sat	obl
51	,	,	PUNCT	_	53 noses	punct
52	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	53 noses	nmod:poss
53	noses	nose	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 sat	obl
54	poked	poke	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	53 noses	acl
55	forward	forward	ADV	_	54 poked	advmod
56	,	,	PUNCT	_	58 mouths	punct
57	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	58 mouths	nmod:poss
58	mouths	mouth	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 sat	obl
59	half	half	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	60 open	advmod
60	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	58 mouths	amod
61	,	,	PUNCT	_	65 forgotten	punct
62	and	and	CCONJ	_	65 forgotten	cc
63	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	64 tails	nmod:poss
64	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	65 forgotten	nsubj
65	forgotten	forget	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	35 sat	conj
66	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 went	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go down	past	the wind				down property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	stand	past	the clouds			still		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	hold	past	the old hill hill	hill's breath				vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breath=Theme
4	cease	participle		the warriors not said here				vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
5	is a	to-infinitive		men				tree rules
6	become	past	the wind not said here	each ear				vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
7	sit	past	the dogs	dogs's noses	a vast circle		round the combatants; with dogs's heads; to one side; dogs's mouths obl	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in circle=Location
8	poke	participle		dogs's noses not said here			forward property	vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
9	forget	participle	dogs's tails					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/60/13/