Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter V, sentence 11
Wild storms howled by him so that the boat climbed painfully to the sky on a mile-high wave, balanced for a tense moment on its level top, and sped down the glassy side as a stone goes furiously from a sling.
Who acts: Wild storms, stone · What happens: howl, climb, balance, speed down, go · To what, where: Wild storms, mile high wave, glassy side, sling
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter V. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wild storms, stone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 storms | amod |
| 2 | storms | storm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 climbed | nsubj |
| 3 | howled | howl | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 storms | acl |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 him | case |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 howled | obl |
| 6 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 9 boat | case |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 6 so | fixed |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 boat | det |
| 9 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 howled | obl |
| 10 | climbed | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | painfully | painfully | ADV | _ | 10 climbed | advmod |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 sky | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 sky | det |
| 14 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 climbed | obl |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 20 wave | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 wave | det |
| 17 | mile | mile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 wave | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 mile | punct |
| 19 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 wave | amod |
| 20 | wave | wave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 climbed | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 balanced | punct |
| 22 | balanced | balance | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 wave | acl |
| 23 | for | for | ADP | _ | 26 moment | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 moment | det |
| 25 | tense | tense | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 moment | amod |
| 26 | moment | moment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 balanced | obl |
| 27 | on | on | ADP | _ | 30 top | case |
| 28 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 top | nmod:poss |
| 29 | level | level | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 top | amod |
| 30 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 moment | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 sped | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 sped | cc |
| 33 | sped | speed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 climbed | parataxis |
| 34 | down | down | ADP | _ | 33 sped | compound:prt |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 side | det |
| 36 | glassy | glassy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 side | amod |
| 37 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 sped | obj |
| 38 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 41 goes | mark |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 stone | det |
| 40 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 goes | nsubj |
| 41 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 sped | advcl |
| 42 | furiously | furiously | ADV | _ | 41 goes | advmod |
| 43 | from | from | ADP | _ | 45 sling | case |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 sling | det |
| 45 | sling | sling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 goes | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 climbed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | howl | participle | Wild storms not said here | by fish; so the boat | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by he=Location | ||||
| 2 | climb | past | Wild storms | a mile high wave | to the sky; painfully property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to sky=Destination | |||
| 3 | balance | participle | a mile high wave not said here | moment | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | speed down | past | the glassy side | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent side=Agent | |||||
| 5 | go | present | a stone | a sling | furiously property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme from sling=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/66/11/