Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter X, sentence 40
At times, for the weapon must change with the enemy, they fought with their foreheads as two giant stags, and the crash of their monstrous onslaught rolled and lingered on the air long after their skulls had parted.
Who acts: weapon, words, monstrous onslaught · What happens: change, fight, roll, linger, part, crash · To what, where: crash, air, skulls
This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter X. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (weapon, words, monstrous onslaught), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 times | case |
| 2 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 change | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 change | punct |
| 4 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 8 change | mark |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 weapon | det |
| 6 | weapon | weapon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 change | nsubj |
| 7 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 change | aux |
| 8 | change | change | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 9 | with | with | ADP | _ | 11 enemy | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 enemy | det |
| 11 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 change | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 fought | punct |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 fought | nsubj |
| 14 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 change | conj |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 foreheads | case |
| 16 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 foreheads | nmod:poss |
| 17 | foreheads | forehead | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 fought | obl |
| 18 | as | as | ADP | _ | 21 stags | case |
| 19 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 stags | nummod |
| 20 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 stags | amod |
| 21 | stags | stag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 fought | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 rolled | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 rolled | cc |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 crash | det |
| 25 | crash | crash | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 rolled | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 onslaught | case |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 onslaught | nmod:poss |
| 28 | monstrous | monstrous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 onslaught | amod |
| 29 | onslaught | onslaught | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 crash | nmod |
| 30 | rolled | roll | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 change | parataxis |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 lingered | cc |
| 32 | lingered | linger | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 rolled | conj |
| 33 | on | on | ADP | _ | 35 air | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 air | det |
| 35 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 lingered | obl |
| 36 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 32 lingered | advmod |
| 37 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 41 parted | mark |
| 38 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 skulls | nmod:poss |
| 39 | skulls | skull | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 parted | nsubj:pass |
| 40 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 parted | aux |
| 41 | parted | part | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 lingered | advcl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 change | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | change | must | the weapon | time | with the enemy | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | fight | past | words = word | with words's foreheads; as two giant stags | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with forehead=Co-Agent | ||||
| 3 | roll | participle · passive | the crash of words's monstrous onslaught | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Agent | |||||
| 4 | linger | participle | the air | long property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on air=Location | ||||
| 5 | part | past · perfect · passive | words's skulls | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 6 | crash | words's monstrous onslaught | nom crash «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/71/40/