Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Story of Unlucky Daniel, sentence 62
And when they knew that he came from a strange land, they said to him, "A strange people has attacked our Tsar, and he cannot defend himself, for a mighty warrior has conquered his tsardom and carried off his daughter, and worries him to death."--"Show me the way to your Tsar," said Daniel.
Who acts: shift, horse, Daniel · What happens: know, come, say, attack, not defend, conquer · To what, where: strange land, horse, strange people, mighty warrior, daughter, way · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Story of Unlucky Daniel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shift, horse, Daniel), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 said | cc |
| 2 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 knew | advmod |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 knew | nsubj |
| 4 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 said | advcl |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 came | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 came | nsubj |
| 7 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 knew | ccomp |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 land | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 land | det |
| 10 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 land | amod |
| 11 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 came | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 knew | punct |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 said | nsubj |
| 14 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 him | case |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 said | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 attacked | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 attacked | punct |
| 19 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 people | det |
| 20 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 people | amod |
| 21 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 attacked | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 attacked | aux |
| 23 | attacked | attack | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 said | conj |
| 24 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 Tsar | nmod:poss |
| 25 | Tsar | Tsar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 attacked | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 defend | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 defend | cc |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 defend | nsubj |
| 29 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 defend | aux |
| 30 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 defend | advmod |
| 31 | defend | defend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 said | conj |
| 32 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 31 defend | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 conquered | punct |
| 34 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 39 conquered | mark |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 warrior | det |
| 36 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 warrior | amod |
| 37 | warrior | warrior | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 conquered | nsubj:pass |
| 38 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 conquered | aux |
| 39 | conquered | conquer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 defend | parataxis |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 tsardom | nmod:poss |
| 41 | tsardom | tsardom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 conquered | obj |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 carried | cc |
| 43 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 conquered | conj |
| 44 | off | off | ADP | _ | 43 carried | compound:prt |
| 45 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 46 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 carried | obj |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 worries | punct |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 worries | cc |
| 49 | worries | worry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 said | conj |
| 50 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 worries | obj |
| 51 | to | to | ADP | _ | 52 death | case |
| 52 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 worries | obl |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 49 worries | punct |
| 54 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 49 worries | punct |
| 55 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 57 Show | punct |
| 56 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 57 Show | punct |
| 57 | Show | show | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 14 said | parataxis |
| 58 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 57 Show | iobj |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 way | det |
| 60 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 Show | obj |
| 61 | to | to | ADP | _ | 63 Tsar | case |
| 62 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 63 Tsar | nmod:poss |
| 63 | Tsar | tsar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 way | nmod |
| 64 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 Show | punct |
| 65 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 57 Show | punct |
| 66 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 said | conj |
| 67 | Daniel | Daniel | PROPN | Number=Sing | 66 said | nsubj |
| 68 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | shift | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | come | past | horse | a strange land | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from land=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | shift | horse | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | attack in a quote | present · perfect · passive | a strange people | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | not defend in a quote | can | horse | horse | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Beneficiary | ||||
| 6 | conquer in a quote | present · perfect · passive | a mighty warrior | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | carry off in a quote | past | horse's daughter | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent daughter=Theme | |||||
| 8 | worry in a quote | present | shift not said here | horse | to death | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer | |||
| 9 | show in a quote | infinitive | the way | shift | to your Tsar | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient way=Topic | |||
| 10 | say speech: assert | past | Daniel | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/10/62/