Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Sparrow and the Bush, sentence 7
Then the sparrow-hawk began to seize the hen, the hen began to peck the worms, the worms began to gnaw the pole-axe, the pole-axe began to hit the ox, the ox began to drink the water, the water began to quench the fire, the fire began to burn the Tartars, the Tartars began to slay the people, the people began to kill the wolf, the wolf began to eat the goat, the goat began to nibble the bush, and the bush cried out:
Who acts: sparrow hawk, hen, worms, pole axe, ox, water · What happens: begin, seize, peck, gnaw, hit, drink · To what, where: hen, worms, pole axe, ox, water, fire
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Sparrow and the Bush. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sparrow hawk, hen, worms, pole axe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 began | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 hawk | det |
| 3 | sparrow | sparrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 hawk | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 sparrow | punct |
| 5 | hawk | hawk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 began | nsubj |
| 6 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 seize | mark |
| 8 | seize | seize | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 began | xcomp |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 hen | det |
| 10 | hen | hen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 seize | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 began | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 hen | det |
| 13 | hen | hen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 began | nsubj |
| 14 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 began | conj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 peck | mark |
| 16 | peck | peck | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 began | xcomp |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 worms | det |
| 18 | worms | worm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 peck | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 began | punct |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 worms | det |
| 21 | worms | worm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 began | nsubj |
| 22 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 began | parataxis |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 gnaw | mark |
| 24 | gnaw | gnaw | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 began | xcomp |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 axe | det |
| 26 | pole | pole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 axe | compound |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 pole | punct |
| 28 | axe | axe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 gnaw | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 began | punct |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 axe | det |
| 31 | pole | pole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 axe | compound |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 31 pole | punct |
| 33 | axe | axe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 began | nsubj |
| 34 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 began | parataxis |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 hit | mark |
| 36 | hit | hit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 began | xcomp |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 ox | det |
| 38 | ox | ox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 hit | obj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 began | punct |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 ox | det |
| 41 | ox | ox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 began | nsubj |
| 42 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 began | conj |
| 43 | to | to | PART | _ | 44 drink | mark |
| 44 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 began | xcomp |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 water | det |
| 46 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 drink | obj |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 began | punct |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 water | det |
| 49 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 began | nsubj |
| 50 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 began | parataxis |
| 51 | to | to | PART | _ | 52 quench | mark |
| 52 | quench | quench | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 50 began | xcomp |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 fire | det |
| 54 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 quench | obj |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 began | punct |
| 56 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 57 fire | det |
| 57 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 began | nsubj |
| 58 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 50 began | conj |
| 59 | to | to | PART | _ | 60 burn | mark |
| 60 | burn | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 58 began | xcomp |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 62 Tartars | det |
| 62 | Tartars | Tartar | PROPN | Number=Plur | 60 burn | obj |
| 63 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 66 began | punct |
| 64 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 65 Tartars | det |
| 65 | Tartars | Tartar | PROPN | Number=Plur | 66 began | nsubj |
| 66 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 62 Tartars | acl:relcl |
| 67 | to | to | PART | _ | 68 slay | mark |
| 68 | slay | slay | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 66 began | xcomp |
| 69 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 70 people | det |
| 70 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 68 slay | obj |
| 71 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 74 began | punct |
| 72 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 73 people | det |
| 73 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 74 began | nsubj |
| 74 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 66 began | conj |
| 75 | to | to | PART | _ | 76 kill | mark |
| 76 | kill | kill | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 74 began | xcomp |
| 77 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 78 wolf | det |
| 78 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 kill | obj |
| 79 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 82 began | punct |
| 80 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 81 wolf | det |
| 81 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 82 began | nsubj |
| 82 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 74 began | parataxis |
| 83 | to | to | PART | _ | 84 eat | mark |
| 84 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 82 began | xcomp |
| 85 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 86 goat | det |
| 86 | goat | goat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 84 eat | obj |
| 87 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 90 began | punct |
| 88 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 89 goat | det |
| 89 | goat | goat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 90 began | nsubj |
| 90 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 82 began | conj |
| 91 | to | to | PART | _ | 92 nibble | mark |
| 92 | nibble | nibble | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 90 began | xcomp |
| 93 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 94 bush | det |
| 94 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 92 nibble | obj |
| 95 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 99 cried | punct |
| 96 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 99 cried | cc |
| 97 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 98 bush | det |
| 98 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 99 cried | nsubj |
| 99 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 began | parataxis |
| 100 | out | out | ADP | _ | 99 cried | compound:prt |
| 101 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 99 cried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | the sparrow hawk | then | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | seize | to-infinitive | the sparrow hawk not said here | the hen | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hen=Theme | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | the hen | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | peck | to-infinitive | the hen not said here | the worms | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worm=Patient | ||||
| 5 | begin | past | the worms | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 6 | gnaw | to-infinitive | the worms not said here | the pole axe | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent axe=Patient | ||||
| 7 | begin | past | the pole axe | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 8 | hit | to-infinitive | the pole axe not said here | the ox | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ox=Co-Theme | ||||
| 9 | begin | past | the ox | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 10 | drink | to-infinitive | the ox not said here | the water | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Patient | ||||
| 11 | begin | past | the water | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 12 | quench | to-infinitive | the water not said here | the fire | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus fire=Experiencer | ||||
| 13 | begin | past | the fire | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 14 | burn | to-infinitive | the fire not said here | the Tartars | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tartar=Theme | ||||
| 15 | begin | past | the Tartars | the Tartars not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 16 | slay | to-infinitive | the Tartars not said here | the people | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient | ||||
| 17 | begin | past | the people | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 18 | kill | to-infinitive | the people not said here | the wolf | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Theme | ||||
| 19 | begin | past | the wolf | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 20 | eat | to-infinitive | the wolf not said here | the goat | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goat=Patient | ||||
| 21 | begin | past | the goat | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 22 | nibble | to-infinitive | the goat not said here | the bush | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bush=Patient | ||||
| 23 | cry out speech: express | past | the bush | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/11/7/