Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Tsar and the Angel, sentence 42
At last he looked about him and saw, far, far away, smoke rising above the forest, and something like a dark cloud standing in the clear sky. "
Who acts: stag, smoke, dark cloud · What happens: look, see, rise, stand · To what, where: something, forest, clear sky
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Tsar and the Angel. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stag, smoke, dark cloud), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 last | case |
| 2 | last | last | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 looked | obl |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 looked | nsubj |
| 4 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | about | about | ADP | _ | 6 him | case |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 looked | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 saw | cc |
| 8 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 looked | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 far | punct |
| 10 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 saw | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 away | punct |
| 12 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 13 away | advmod |
| 13 | away | away | ADV | _ | 8 saw | advmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 smoke | punct |
| 15 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | conj |
| 16 | rising | rise | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 smoke | acl |
| 17 | above | above | ADP | _ | 19 forest | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 forest | det |
| 19 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 rising | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 something | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 something | cc |
| 22 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 8 saw | obl |
| 23 | like | like | ADP | _ | 26 cloud | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 cloud | det |
| 25 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 cloud | amod |
| 26 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 something | nmod |
| 27 | standing | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 cloud | acl |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 sky | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 sky | det |
| 30 | clear | clear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 sky | amod |
| 31 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 standing | obl |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 looked | punct |
| 33 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | past | stag | about angel; at last | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at last=Theme | ||||
| 2 | see | past | stag not said here | something | away, far property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 3 | rise | gerund | smoke not said here | the forest | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above forest=Location | ||||
| 4 | stand | gerund | a dark cloud not said here | the clear sky | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in sky=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/19/42/