Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, Oh: the Tsar of the Forest, sentence 121
The father led the horse along by the halter; it pranced about and struck sparks from the ground with its hoofs.
Who acts: father, horse · What happens: lead, prance, strike · To what, where: horse, sparks, ground
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Oh: the Tsar of the Forest. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, horse), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 father | det |
| 2 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 led | nsubj |
| 3 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 horse | det |
| 5 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 led | obj |
| 6 | along | along | ADV | _ | 3 led | advmod |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 halter | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 halter | det |
| 9 | halter | halter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 led | obl |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 pranced | punct |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 pranced | nsubj |
| 12 | pranced | prance | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 led | parataxis |
| 13 | about | about | ADV | _ | 12 pranced | advmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 struck | cc |
| 15 | struck | strike | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 pranced | conj |
| 16 | sparks | spark | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 struck | obj |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 19 ground | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 ground | det |
| 19 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 struck | obl |
| 20 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 hoofs | case |
| 21 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 hoofs | nmod:poss |
| 22 | hoofs | hoof | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 struck | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 led | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lead | past | the father | the horse | by the halter; along property | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent horse=Theme by halter=Destination | |||
| 2 | prance | past | horse | about property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | strike | past | horse not said here | sparks | the ground | with horse's hoofs | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent spark=Patient with hoof=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/2/121/