Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Story of the Unlucky Days, part 2, sentence 108

Ivan whistled, and immediately the gnat came flying up.

Who acts: Ivan, gnat · What happens: whistle, come, fly up

This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Story of the Unlucky Days, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ivan, gnat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ivan	Ivan	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 whistled	nsubj
2	whistled	whistle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 came	punct
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 came	cc
5	immediately	immediately	ADV	_	7 gnat	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 gnat	det
7	gnat	gnat	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 came	nsubj
8	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 whistled	conj
9	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 came	xcomp
10	up	up	ADP	_	9 flying	compound:prt
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 whistled	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	roles by
1	whistle	past	Ivan	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	come	past	the gnat	tree rules
3	fly up	gerund	the gnat not said here	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg29672/26/108/