Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales, The Voices At the Window, part 2, sentence 133
Make thyself worse than ever, and say to him, 'I am very ill, my brother, because in another realm, far, far away, there is a wild boar who ploughs with his nose, and sows with his ears, and harrows with his tail--and in that same empire there is a mill with twelve furnaces that grinds its own grain and casts forth its own meal, and if thou wilt bring me of the meal that is beneath these twelve furnaces, so that I may make me a cake of it and eat, my soul shall live.'"--Then her brother said to her, "Methinks thou art not my sister, but my foe!"--But she replied, "How can I be thy foe when we two live all alone together in a strange land?"--"Well, I will get it for thee," said he.
Who acts: you, I, wild boar, mill, twelve furnaces, thou · What happens: make, say, be, plough, sow, grind · To what, where: thyself, horse, same empire, own grain, own meal, me · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», The Voices At the Window, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, I, wild boar, mill), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Make | make | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | thyself | thyself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes Style=Arch | 1 Make | obj |
| 3 | worse | bad | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 1 Make | xcomp |
| 4 | than | than | ADP | _ | 5 ever | case |
| 5 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 3 worse | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 say | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 say | cc |
| 8 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 1 Make | parataxis |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 him | case |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 say | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 ill | punct |
| 12 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 16 ill | punct |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 16 ill | nsubj |
| 14 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 ill | cop |
| 15 | very | very | ADV | _ | 16 ill | advmod |
| 16 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 say | parataxis |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 brother | punct |
| 18 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 brother | nmod:poss |
| 19 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 ill | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 far | punct |
| 21 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 26 far | mark |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 realm | case |
| 23 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 24 realm | det |
| 24 | realm | realm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 far | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 realm | punct |
| 26 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 8 say | advmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 away | punct |
| 28 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 29 away | advmod |
| 29 | away | away | ADV | _ | 26 far | advmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 is | punct |
| 31 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 32 is | expl |
| 32 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 say | conj |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 boar | det |
| 34 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 boar | amod |
| 35 | boar | boar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 is | nsubj |
| 36 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 ploughs | nsubj |
| 37 | ploughs | plough | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 boar | acl:relcl |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 nose | case |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 nose | nmod:poss |
| 40 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 ploughs | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 sows | punct |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 sows | cc |
| 43 | sows | sow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 ploughs | conj |
| 44 | with | with | ADP | _ | 46 ears | case |
| 45 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 ears | nmod:poss |
| 46 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 sows | obl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 harrows | punct |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 harrows | cc |
| 49 | harrows | harrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Make | obl |
| 50 | with | with | ADP | _ | 52 tail | case |
| 51 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 52 tail | nmod:poss |
| 52 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 harrows | nmod |
| 53 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 58 empire | punct |
| 54 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 58 empire | cc |
| 55 | in | in | ADP | _ | 58 empire | case |
| 56 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 58 empire | det |
| 57 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 58 empire | amod |
| 58 | empire | empire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Make | parataxis |
| 59 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 60 is | expl |
| 60 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 58 empire | acl:relcl |
| 61 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 62 mill | det |
| 62 | mill | mill | NOUN | _ | 60 is | nsubj |
| 63 | with | with | ADP | _ | 65 furnaces | case |
| 64 | twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 65 furnaces | nummod |
| 65 | furnaces | furnace | NOUN | Number=Plur | 62 mill | nmod |
| 66 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 67 grinds | nsubj |
| 67 | grinds | grind | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 65 furnaces | acl:relcl |
| 68 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 70 grain | nmod:poss |
| 69 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 70 grain | amod |
| 70 | grain | grain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 grinds | obj |
| 71 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 72 casts | cc |
| 72 | casts | cast | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 67 grinds | conj |
| 73 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 72 casts | advmod |
| 74 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 76 meal | nmod:poss |
| 75 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 76 meal | amod |
| 76 | meal | meal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 casts | obj |
| 77 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 82 bring | punct |
| 78 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 82 bring | cc |
| 79 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 82 bring | mark |
| 80 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 82 bring | nsubj |
| 81 | wilt | will | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 82 bring | aux |
| 82 | bring | bring | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 60 is | parataxis |
| 83 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 82 bring | obj |
| 84 | of | of | ADP | _ | 86 meal | case |
| 85 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 86 meal | det |
| 86 | meal | meal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 82 bring | obl |
| 87 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 92 furnaces | nsubj |
| 88 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 92 furnaces | cop |
| 89 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 92 furnaces | case |
| 90 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 92 furnaces | det |
| 91 | twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 92 furnaces | nummod |
| 92 | furnaces | furnace | NOUN | Number=Plur | 86 meal | acl:relcl |
| 93 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 98 make | punct |
| 94 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 98 make | mark |
| 95 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 94 so | fixed |
| 96 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 98 make | nsubj |
| 97 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 98 make | aux |
| 98 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 82 bring | parataxis |
| 99 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 98 make | obj |
| 100 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 101 cake | det |
| 101 | cake | cake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 98 make | obj |
| 102 | of | of | ADP | _ | 103 it | case |
| 103 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 101 cake | nmod |
| 104 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 105 eat | cc |
| 105 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 98 make | conj |
| 106 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 110 live | punct |
| 107 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 108 soul | nmod:poss |
| 108 | soul | soul | NOUN | Number=Sing | 110 live | nsubj |
| 109 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 110 live | aux |
| 110 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 105 eat | conj |
| 111 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 105 eat | punct |
| 112 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 105 eat | punct |
| 113 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 105 eat | punct |
| 114 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 118 said | punct |
| 115 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 118 said | advmod |
| 116 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 117 brother | nmod:poss |
| 117 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 118 said | nsubj |
| 118 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 98 make | parataxis |
| 119 | to | to | ADP | _ | 120 her | case |
| 120 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 118 said | obl |
| 121 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 128 sister | punct |
| 122 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 123 Methinks | punct |
| 123 | Methinks | methink | NOUN | Number=Plur | 128 sister | nsubj |
| 124 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 128 sister | nsubj |
| 125 | art | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 128 sister | cop |
| 126 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 128 sister | advmod |
| 127 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 128 sister | nmod:poss |
| 128 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 118 said | ccomp |
| 129 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 132 foe | punct |
| 130 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 132 foe | cc |
| 131 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 132 foe | nmod:poss |
| 132 | foe | foe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 128 sister | appos |
| 133 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 132 foe | punct |
| 134 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 132 foe | punct |
| 135 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 138 replied | punct |
| 136 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 138 replied | cc |
| 137 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 138 replied | nsubj |
| 138 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 172 said | ccomp |
| 139 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 146 foe | punct |
| 140 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 146 foe | punct |
| 141 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 146 foe | advmod |
| 142 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 146 foe | aux |
| 143 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 146 foe | nsubj |
| 144 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 146 foe | cop |
| 145 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 146 foe | nmod:poss |
| 146 | foe | foe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 138 replied | obl |
| 147 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 150 live | advmod |
| 148 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 150 live | nsubj |
| 149 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 148 we | appos |
| 150 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 146 foe | acl:relcl |
| 151 | all | all | ADV | _ | 152 alone | advmod |
| 152 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 150 live | advmod |
| 153 | together | together | ADV | _ | 150 live | advmod |
| 154 | in | in | ADP | _ | 157 land | case |
| 155 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 157 land | det |
| 156 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 157 land | amod |
| 157 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 150 live | obl |
| 158 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 157 land | punct |
| 159 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 157 land | punct |
| 160 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 166 get | punct |
| 161 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 166 get | punct |
| 162 | Well | well | INTJ | _ | 166 get | discourse |
| 163 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 162 Well | punct |
| 164 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 166 get | nsubj |
| 165 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 166 get | aux |
| 166 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 138 replied | ccomp |
| 167 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 166 get | obj |
| 168 | for | for | ADP | _ | 169 thee | case |
| 169 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 166 get | obl |
| 170 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 166 get | punct |
| 171 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 166 get | punct |
| 172 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 118 said | conj |
| 173 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 172 said | nsubj |
| 174 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Make | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | imperative | you not said here | thyself | harrows with boar's tail obl; bad property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset thyself=Product | |||
| 2 | say speech: assert | infinitive | horse | far property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | is | present | I | ill property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | be | present | a wild boar | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | plough | present | a wild boar | with boar's nose | vn wipe_instr-10.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | sow | present | a wild boar not said here | with boar's ears | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with ear=Theme | ||||
| 7 | be | present | a mill with twelve furnaces | that same empire not said here | there | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot empire=Theme | |||
| 8 | grind | present | twelve furnaces | mill's own grain | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grain=Patient | ||||
| 9 | cast | present | twelve furnaces not said here | mill's own meal | forth property | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meal=Product | |||
| 10 | bring a condition, not said to happen | future | thou | me | of the meal | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent i=Theme of meal=Initial_Location | |||
| 11 | is | present | the meal | beneath this twelve furnaces | tree rules | ||||
| 12 | make | may | I | me | tree rules | ||||
| 13 | eat | infinitive | I not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 14 | live | shall | my soul | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 15 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | soul's brother | soul | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to she=Recipient | |||
| 16 | not is a | present | Methinks | my sister | tree rules | ||||
| 17 | reply speech: assert in a quote | past | soul | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 18 | is a | can | I | thy foe | tree rules | ||||
| 19 | live | present | we | a strange land | alone, together property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location | |||
| 20 | get | future | I | mill | for thee | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent it=Theme for thou=Source | |||
| 21 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | brother | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Cossack Fairy Tales and Folk Tales», Project Gutenberg book 29672 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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