The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 1, sentence 11
If he has not, the less he says in his preface the better.
Who acts: author · What happens: not have, say, preface · To what, where: preface · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (author), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 3 has | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 says | advcl |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 3 has | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 less | det |
| 7 | less | less | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 9 says | advmod |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 says | nsubj |
| 9 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 preface | case |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 preface | nmod:poss |
| 12 | preface | preface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 says | obl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 better | det |
| 14 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 12 preface | acl:relcl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 says | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not have a condition, not said to happen | present | author | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | author | author's preface | less property | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in preface=Manner | |||
| 3 | preface | author | nom preface «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/1/11/