The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 12, sentence 78

'Fair maiden, who are you, and who gave you that wreath of singing roses?' asked he, for the birds were so tiny that till you looked closely you never saw them.

Who acts: you, wreath, birds · What happens: be, give, sing, ask, look, not see · To what, where: wreath, you, roses, singing, birds

This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, wreath, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	'	'	PUNCT	_	3 maiden	punct
2	Fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 maiden	amod
3	maiden	maiden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 asked	parataxis
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 who	punct
5	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 maiden	parataxis
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 who	cop
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 who	nsubj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 gave	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 gave	cc
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 gave	nsubj
11	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 maiden	conj
12	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 gave	iobj
13	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	14 wreath	det
14	wreath	wreath	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 gave	obj
15	of	of	SCONJ	_	16 singing	mark
16	singing	sing	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 wreath	acl
17	roses	rose	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 singing	obj
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 maiden	punct
19	'	'	PUNCT	_	3 maiden	punct
20	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
21	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 asked	iobj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 tiny	punct
23	for	for	SCONJ	_	28 tiny	mark
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 birds	det
25	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 tiny	nsubj
26	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 tiny	cop
27	so	so	ADV	_	28 tiny	advmod
28	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 asked	parataxis
29	that	that	SCONJ	_	36 saw	mark
30	till	till	SCONJ	_	32 looked	mark
31	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	32 looked	nsubj
32	looked	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	36 saw	parataxis
33	closely	closely	ADV	_	32 looked	advmod
34	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	36 saw	nsubj
35	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	36 saw	advmod
36	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	28 tiny	advcl
37	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	36 saw	obj
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	20 asked	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	you				tree rules
2	give	past		that wreath	you		vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient wreath=Theme
3	sing speech: express	gerund	that wreath not said here	roses			vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location rose=Theme
4	ask speech: ask	past			singing		vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient
5	is	past	the birds			tiny property	tree rules
6	look	past	you			closely property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
7	not see	past	you	birds = bird			vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/12/78/