The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 13, sentence 99

In front of him lay four heaps of silver, and in the midst of them a curious white shining stone, marked over with strange characters, such as he had never seen before.

Who acts: man · What happens: lay, shine, mark over, not see · To what, where: four heaps, front, curious white shining stone, strange characters

This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 front	case
2	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lay	obl
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 him	case
4	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 front	nmod
5	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 heaps	nummod
7	heaps	heap	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 lay	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 silver	case
9	silver	silver	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 heaps	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 midst	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 midst	cc
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 midst	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 midst	det
14	midst	midst	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lay	parataxis
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 them	case
16	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 midst	nmod
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 stone	det
18	curious	curious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 stone	amod
19	white	white	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 stone	amod
20	shining	shine	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	21 stone	amod
21	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 midst	conj
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 marked	punct
23	marked	mark	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	21 stone	acl
24	over	over	ADV	_	23 marked	advmod
25	with	with	ADP	_	27 characters	case
26	strange	strange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 characters	amod
27	characters	character	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 marked	obl
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 seen	punct
29	such	such	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=SCONJ	34 seen	mark
30	as	as	ADP	_	29 such	fixed
31	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 seen	nsubj
32	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 seen	aux
33	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	34 seen	advmod
34	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	27 characters	acl
35	before	before	ADV	_	34 seen	advmod
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 lay	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	lay	present		four heaps of silver	front of man		vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent heap=Theme in front=Destination
2	shine	gerund					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	mark over	participle		a curious white shining stone not said here		with strange characters; over property	vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with character=Theme
4	not see	past · perfect	man	strange characters not said here		before property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer character=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/13/99/