The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 18, sentence 100

He flung himself under a tree panting for breath, when he heard a rustle amongst the grass, and his father's old friend the hedgehog appeared before him.

Who acts: lion, tree, hedgehog · What happens: fling, pant, hear, appear · To what, where: lion, tree, rustle, old friend

This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lion, tree, hedgehog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 flung	nsubj
2	flung	fling	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 flung	obj
4	under	under	ADP	_	6 tree	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 tree	det
6	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flung	obl
7	panting	pant	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 tree	acl
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 breath	case
9	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 panting	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 heard	punct
11	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	13 heard	advmod
12	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 heard	nsubj
13	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 flung	parataxis
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 rustle	det
15	rustle	rustle	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 heard	obj
16	amongst	amongst	ADP	_	18 grass	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 grass	det
18	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 heard	obl
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 friend	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 friend	cc
21	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 father	nmod:poss
22	father	father	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 friend	nmod:poss
23	's	's	PART	_	22 father	case
24	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 friend	amod
25	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 heard	conj
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 hedgehog	det
27	hedgehog	hedgehog	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 appeared	nsubj
28	appeared	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	25 friend	acl:relcl
29	before	before	ADP	_	30 him	case
30	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 appeared	obl
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 flung	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fling	past	lion	lion	a tree			vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent himself=Theme under tree=Destination
2	pant	gerund	a tree not said here				for breath	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for breath=Recipient
3	hear	past	lion	a rustle			amongst the grass	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer rustle=Stimulus
4	appear	past	the hedgehog	lion's father's old friend not said here		before lion		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location friend=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/18/100/