The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 21, sentence 34
No one ever knew how the news spread to the kraal that the young man was coming back, bringing a wife with him; but, somehow or other, when the two entered the village, every man and woman was standing in the road uttering shouts of welcome.
Who acts: one, news, young man, two, man, road · What happens: know, spread, come back, bring, enter, stand · To what, where: wife, village, road · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, news, young man, two), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 2 one | det |
| 2 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 knew | nsubj |
| 3 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 4 knew | advmod |
| 4 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 8 spread | advmod |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 news | det |
| 7 | news | news | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 spread | nsubj |
| 8 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 knew | ccomp |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 kraal | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 kraal | det |
| 11 | kraal | kraal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 spread | obl |
| 12 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 coming | mark |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 man | det |
| 14 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 man | amod |
| 15 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 coming | nsubj |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 coming | aux |
| 17 | coming | come | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 spread | advcl |
| 18 | back | back | ADV | _ | 17 coming | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 bringing | punct |
| 20 | bringing | bring | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 coming | conj |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 wife | det |
| 22 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 bringing | obj |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 24 him | case |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 bringing | obl |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 entered | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 35 entered | cc |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 somehow | punct |
| 28 | somehow | somehow | ADV | _ | 35 entered | advmod |
| 29 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 30 other | cc |
| 30 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 somehow | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 entered | punct |
| 32 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 35 entered | advmod |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 two | det |
| 34 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 35 entered | nsubj |
| 35 | entered | enter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 knew | conj |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 village | det |
| 37 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 shouts | nsubj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 man | punct |
| 39 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 40 man | det |
| 40 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 standing | nsubj |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 woman | cc |
| 42 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 man | conj |
| 43 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 standing | aux |
| 44 | standing | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 37 village | acl:relcl |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 road | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 road | det |
| 47 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 standing | obl |
| 48 | uttering | utter | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 47 road | acl |
| 49 | shouts | shout | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 entered | parataxis |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 welcome | case |
| 51 | welcome | welcome | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 shouts | obl |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | no one | ever | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | spread | past | the news | to the kraal | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | come back | past · progressive | the young man | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | bring | gerund | the young man not said here | a wife | with man | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument wife=Destination | |||
| 5 | enter | past | the two | somehow property | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | stand | past · progressive | every man and woman | the village not said here | the road | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent village=Theme in road=Destination | |||
| 7 | utter speech: other | gerund | the road not said here | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | shout speech: express | present | the village | of welcome | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/21/34/