The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 29, sentence 30
At the entrance gigantic bats, owls, and crows set upon him from all sides; but the dragon had teeth and claws, while the queen broke off sharp bits of glass and stabbed and cut in her anxiety to help her husband.
Who acts: gigantic bats, dragon, queen · What happens: set, have, break off, stab, cut, help · To what, where: sides, teeth, sharp bits, anxiety, husband
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 29. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gigantic bats, dragon, queen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 entrance | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 entrance | det |
| 3 | entrance | entrance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 bats | obl |
| 4 | gigantic | gigantic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 bats | amod |
| 5 | bats | bat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 set | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 owls | punct |
| 7 | owls | owl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 bats | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 set | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 set | cc |
| 10 | crows | crow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 set | nsubj |
| 11 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 13 him | case |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 set | obl |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 16 sides | case |
| 15 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 sides | det |
| 16 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 set | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 had | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 had | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 dragon | det |
| 20 | dragon | dragon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 had | nsubj |
| 21 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 set | parataxis |
| 22 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 had | obj |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 claws | cc |
| 24 | claws | claw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 teeth | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 broke | punct |
| 26 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 29 broke | mark |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 queen | det |
| 28 | queen | queen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 broke | nsubj |
| 29 | broke | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 had | conj |
| 30 | off | off | ADP | _ | 29 broke | compound:prt |
| 31 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 bits | amod |
| 32 | bits | bit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 broke | obj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 glass | case |
| 34 | glass | glass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 bits | nmod |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 stabbed | cc |
| 36 | stabbed | stab | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 had | conj |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 cut | cc |
| 38 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 stabbed | conj |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 anxiety | case |
| 40 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 anxiety | nmod:poss |
| 41 | anxiety | anxiety | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 cut | obl |
| 42 | to | to | PART | _ | 43 help | mark |
| 43 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 cut | advcl |
| 44 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 husband | nmod:poss |
| 45 | husband | husband | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 help | obj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 set | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set | past | gigantic bats and owls | all sides | upon struggle | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent upon he=Destination | |||
| 2 | have | past | the dragon | teeth and claws | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | ||||
| 3 | break off | past | the queen | sharp bits of glass | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bit=Patient | ||||
| 4 | stab | participle | the dragon not said here | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | cut | participle | the dragon not said here | dragon's anxiety | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | help | to-infinitive | the dragon not said here | dragon's husband | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent husband=Beneficiary |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/29/30/