The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 30, sentence 82
Darkness now fell, the wind howled, and torrents of rain poured upon them.
Who acts: Darkness, wind · What happens: fall, howl, pour · To what, where: torrents
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 30. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Darkness, wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fell | nsubj |
| 2 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 fell | advmod |
| 3 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 howled | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 wind | det |
| 6 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 howled | nsubj |
| 7 | howled | howl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 fell | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 torrents | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 torrents | cc |
| 10 | torrents | torrent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 howled | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 rain | case |
| 12 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 torrents | nmod |
| 13 | poured | pour | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 torrents | acl |
| 14 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 15 them | case |
| 15 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 poured | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 fell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | past | Darkness | now | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | howl | past | the wind | torrents of rain | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | pour | participle | torrents of rain not said here | upon torrents = torrent | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/30/82/