The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 32, sentence 140
And worse than that, the crested lark, that was formerly so timid and shy, is now no better than a thief, and steals maize and corn whenever she can find them.'
Who acts: that, worse crested lark, lark · What happens: crest, be, not be, steal, find · To what, where: maize
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 32. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that, worse crested lark, lark), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 2 worse | cc |
| 2 | worse | bad | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 8 lark | amod |
| 3 | than | than | ADP | _ | 4 that | case |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 worse | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 worse | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 lark | det |
| 7 | crested | crest | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 lark | amod |
| 8 | lark | lark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 better | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 timid | punct |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 14 timid | nsubj |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 timid | cop |
| 12 | formerly | formerly | ADV | _ | 14 timid | advmod |
| 13 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 timid | advmod |
| 14 | timid | timid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 lark | parataxis |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 shy | cc |
| 16 | shy | shy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 timid | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 lark | punct |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 better | cop |
| 19 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 21 better | advmod |
| 20 | no | no | ADV | _ | 21 better | advmod |
| 21 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 22 | than | than | ADP | _ | 24 thief | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 thief | det |
| 24 | thief | thief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 better | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 steals | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 steals | cc |
| 27 | steals | steal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 better | conj |
| 28 | maize | maize | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 steals | obj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 corn | cc |
| 30 | corn | corn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 maize | conj |
| 31 | whenever | whenever | ADV | PronType=Rel | 34 find | advmod |
| 32 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 find | nsubj |
| 33 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 find | aux |
| 34 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 steals | advcl |
| 35 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 find | obj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 21 better | punct |
| 37 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 21 better | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | crest | participle | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | is | past | that | formerly, timid property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be | that not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | not is | present | the worse crested lark | now | than a thief; good property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | steal | present | the worse crested lark not said here | maize and corn | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location maize=Theme | ||||
| 6 | find | can | lark | maize | whenever property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/32/140/