The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 36, sentence 93
It happened that in the long summer nights up in the mountain, where the sun never set, and it was very difficult to get to sleep, Andras had spent many hours in the study of magic, and this stood him in good stead now.
Who acts: It, sun, Andras, this · What happens: happen, not set, be, get, spend, stand · To what, where: study, Andras, good stead, magic
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 36. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (It, sun, Andras, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 happened | nsubj |
| 2 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 nights | mark |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 nights | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 nights | det |
| 6 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 nights | amod |
| 7 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 nights | compound |
| 8 | nights | night | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 happened | advcl |
| 9 | up | up | ADP | _ | 8 nights | compound:prt |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 mountain | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 mountain | det |
| 12 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 nights | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 set | punct |
| 14 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 18 set | advmod |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 sun | det |
| 16 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 set | nsubj |
| 17 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 18 set | advmod |
| 18 | set | set | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 mountain | acl:relcl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 difficult | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 difficult | cc |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 difficult | expl |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 difficult | cop |
| 23 | very | very | ADV | _ | 24 difficult | advmod |
| 24 | difficult | difficult | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 happened | parataxis |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 get | mark |
| 26 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 difficult | csubj |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 sleep | case |
| 28 | sleep | sleep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 get | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 spent | punct |
| 30 | Andras | Andras | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 spent | nsubj |
| 31 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 spent | aux |
| 32 | spent | spend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 happened | parataxis |
| 33 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 hours | amod |
| 34 | hours | hour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 spent | obj |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 study | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 study | det |
| 37 | study | study | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 spent | obl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 magic | case |
| 39 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 study | nmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 stood | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 stood | cc |
| 42 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 43 stood | nsubj |
| 43 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 happened | conj |
| 44 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 stood | obj |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 stead | case |
| 46 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 stead | amod |
| 47 | stead | stead | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 stood | obl |
| 48 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 43 stood | advmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 happened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past | It | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | not set | infinitive | the sun | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 3 | is | past | difficult property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | get | to-infinitive | to sleep result | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to sleep=Result | |||||
| 5 | spend | past · perfect | Andras | the study of magic | hour | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 6 | stand | past | this | Andras | good stead | now | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme in stead=Destination | ||
| 7 | study | magic | nom study «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/36/93/