The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 38, sentence 64
'You have failed, then?' he said, throwing up his hands in despair.
Who acts: You, king · What happens: fail, say, throw up · To what, where: hands, despair · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 38. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 failed | punct |
| 2 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 failed | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 failed | aux |
| 4 | failed | fail | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 said | ccomp |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 then | punct |
| 6 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 failed | advmod |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 failed | punct |
| 8 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 4 failed | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 said | nsubj |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 throwing | punct |
| 12 | throwing | throw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 said | advcl |
| 13 | up | up | ADP | _ | 12 throwing | compound:prt |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 hands | nmod:poss |
| 15 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 throwing | obj |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 despair | case |
| 17 | despair | despair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 throwing | obl |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fail | present · perfect | You | then | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | king | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | throw up | gerund | king not said here | king's hands | despair | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/38/64/