The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 4, sentence 34
I defy you to prove it,' answered Isuro boldly.
Who acts: I · What happens: defy, prove, answer · To what, where: you, dare, Isuro
This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 defy | nsubj |
| 2 | defy | defy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 2 defy | obj |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 prove | mark |
| 5 | prove | prove | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 defy | advcl |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 prove | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 answered | punct |
| 8 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 9 answered | punct |
| 9 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 defy | parataxis |
| 10 | Isuro | Isuro | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 answered | obj |
| 11 | boldly | boldly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 answered | advmod |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 defy | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | defy | present | I | you | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | prove | to-infinitive | I not said here | dare | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 3 | answer speech: assert | past | Isuro | boldly property | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent isuro=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/4/34/