The Orange Fairy Book, Opening, part 9, sentence 112

He approached them glad, yet trembling, and turning to one of the older birds, who by this time had left the shade of the tree, he said:

Who acts: bird, older birds · What happens: approach, tremble, turn, leave, say, shade · To what, where: syringas, one, shade, tree · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird, older birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 approached	nsubj
2	approached	approach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	31 said	ccomp
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 approached	obj
4	glad	glad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 approached	xcomp
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 trembling	punct
6	yet	yet	CCONJ	_	7 trembling	cc
7	trembling	tremble	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 approached	advcl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 turning	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 turning	cc
10	turning	turn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 trembling	conj
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 one	case
12	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 turning	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	16 birds	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 birds	det
15	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	16 birds	amod
16	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 one	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 left	punct
18	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	23 left	nsubj
19	by	by	ADP	_	21 time	case
20	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	21 time	det
21	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 left	obl
22	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 left	aux
23	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	16 birds	conj
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 shade	det
25	shade	shade	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 left	obj
26	of	of	ADP	_	28 tree	case
27	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 tree	det
28	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 shade	nmod
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 approached	punct
30	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 said	nsubj
31	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
32	:	:	PUNCT	_	31 said	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	when	other	roles by
1	approach	past	bird	syringas = syringa			glad property	vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
2	tremble	gerund	bird not said here					vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	turn	gerund	bird not said here		one of the older birds			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to one=Trajectory
4	leave	past · perfect	the older birds	the shade of the tree		time		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shade=Theme
5	say speech: assert	past	bird					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
6	shade			the tree				nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Orange Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3027 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3027/9/112/