The Brown Fairy Book, Story Of The King Who Would Be Stronger Than Fate, sentence 18

He toiled over a steep rocky shoulder of a hill, and there, just below him, was a stream dashing down a precipitous glen, and, almost beneath his feet, twinkling and flickering from the level of the torrent, was a dim light as of a lamp.

Who acts: king, stream, feet · What happens: toil, be, dash down, twinkle, flicker · To what, where: steep rocky shoulder, stream, precipitous glen, level, dim light

This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story Of The King Who Would Be Stronger Than Fate. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, stream, feet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 toiled	nsubj
2	toiled	toil	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	over	over	ADP	_	7 shoulder	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 shoulder	det
5	steep	steep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 shoulder	amod
6	rocky	rocky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 shoulder	amod
7	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 toiled	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 hill	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 hill	det
10	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 shoulder	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 there	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 there	cc
13	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 toiled	advmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 him	punct
15	just	just	ADV	_	17 him	advmod
16	below	below	ADP	_	17 him	case
17	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 toiled	parataxis
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 stream	punct
19	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 stream	cop
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 stream	det
21	stream	stream	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 toiled	parataxis
22	dashing	dash	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	21 stream	acl
23	down	down	ADP	_	22 dashing	compound:prt
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 glen	det
25	precipitous	precipitous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 glen	amod
26	glen	glen	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 dashing	obj
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 twinkling	punct
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	35 twinkling	cc
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 feet	punct
30	almost	almost	ADV	_	33 feet	advmod
31	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	33 feet	case
32	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	33 feet	nmod:poss
33	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 twinkling	nsubj
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 twinkling	punct
35	twinkling	twinkle	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 toiled	advcl
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	37 flickering	cc
37	flickering	flicker	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	35 twinkling	conj
38	from	from	ADP	_	40 level	case
39	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	40 level	det
40	level	level	NOUN	Number=Sing	37 flickering	obl
41	of	of	ADP	_	43 torrent	case
42	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	43 torrent	det
43	torrent	torrent	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 level	nmod
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 light	punct
45	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	48 light	cop
46	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	48 light	det
47	dim	dim	ADJ	Degree=Pos	48 light	amod
48	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 toiled	obl
49	as	as	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	52 lamp	case
50	of	of	ADP	_	49 as	fixed
51	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	52 lamp	det
52	lamp	lamp	NOUN	Number=Sing	48 light	nmod
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 toiled	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	toil	past	king		a steep rocky shoulder of a hill; there		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over shoulder=Trajectory
2	is a	past		a stream			tree rules
3	dash down	gerund	a stream not said here	a precipitous glen			vn hit-18.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glen=Patient
4	twinkle	gerund	king's feet				vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	flicker	gerund	king's feet not said here		the level of the torrent		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	is a	past		a dim light		as a lamp	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/33/18/