The Brown Fairy Book, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 4, sentence 75
But he nearly fell into the water from surprise, when the fish began to speak to him, in a small, squeaky voice:
Who acts: cobbler, fish · What happens: fall, begin, speak · To what, where: water, small squeaky voice, cobbler · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Story of Wali Dâd the Simple-Hearted, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cobbler, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 fell | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 fell | nsubj |
| 3 | nearly | nearly | ADV | _ | 4 fell | advmod |
| 4 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 water | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 water | det |
| 7 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fell | obl |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 surprise | case |
| 9 | surprise | surprise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fell | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 began | punct |
| 11 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 14 began | advmod |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 fish | det |
| 13 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 began | nsubj |
| 14 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 fell | conj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 speak | mark |
| 16 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 began | xcomp |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 him | case |
| 18 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 speak | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 voice | punct |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 voice | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 voice | det |
| 22 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 voice | amod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 small | punct |
| 24 | squeaky | squeaky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 voice | amod |
| 25 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 began | obl |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 4 fell | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall | past | cobbler | the water | from surprise; nearly property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme into water=Initial_Location from surprise=Destination | |||
| 2 | begin | past | the fish | a small squeaky voice | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | speak speech: other | to-infinitive | the fish not said here | cobbler | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to he=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Brown Fairy Book» by Andrew Lang, Project Gutenberg book 3282 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg3282/37/75/