Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Turtle, sentence 72
In a large willow tree leaning far over the water he sat upon a large limb.
Who acts: large willow tree, Patkasa · What happens: lean, sit · To what, where: water, large limb
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Turtle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (large willow tree, Patkasa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 5 tree | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 tree | det |
| 3 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 tree | amod |
| 4 | willow | willow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 tree | compound |
| 5 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | leaning | lean | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 tree | acl |
| 7 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 leaning | advmod |
| 8 | over | over | ADP | _ | 10 water | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 water | det |
| 10 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 leaning | obl |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 sat | nsubj |
| 12 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 water | acl:relcl |
| 13 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 16 limb | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 limb | det |
| 15 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 limb | amod |
| 16 | limb | limb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 sat | obl |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 tree | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lean | gerund | a large willow tree not said here | the water | far property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over water=Location | |||
| 2 | sit | past | Patkasa | the water not said here | a large limb | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent water=Theme upon limb=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/10/72/