Old Indian Legends, Iktomi and the Turtle, sentence 8
Thus he leaned long over the gift of the friendly ghosts.
Who acts: Patkasa · What happens: learn, gift · To what, where: gift, friendly ghosts
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Iktomi and the Turtle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Patkasa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 3 leaned | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 leaned | nsubj |
| 3 | leaned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 leaned | advmod |
| 5 | over | over | ADP | _ | 7 gift | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 gift | det |
| 7 | gift | gift | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 leaned | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 ghosts | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 ghosts | det |
| 10 | friendly | friendly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 ghosts | amod |
| 11 | ghosts | ghost | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 gift | nmod |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 leaned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | past | Patkasa | the gift of the friendly ghosts | long, thus property | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | gift | the friendly ghosts | nom gift «possession transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/10/8/