Old Indian Legends, Dance in a Buffalo Skull, sentence 14
They came on and on, just over the tops of the prairie grass.
Who acts: balls · What happens: come · To what, where: tops
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Dance in a Buffalo Skull. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (balls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 came | nsubj |
| 2 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADV | _ | 2 came | advmod |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 on | cc |
| 5 | on | on | ADV | _ | 3 on | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 tops | punct |
| 7 | just | just | ADV | _ | 10 tops | advmod |
| 8 | over | over | ADP | _ | 10 tops | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 tops | det |
| 10 | tops | top | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 came | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 grass | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 grass | det |
| 13 | prairie | prairie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 grass | compound |
| 14 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 tops | nmod |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | balls = ball | the tops of the prairie grass | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme over top=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/11/14/