Old Indian Legends, Dance in a Buffalo Skull, sentence 31
The drummers beat the time, turning their heads from side to side in rhythm.
Who acts: drummers · What happens: beat, turn · To what, where: heads, side
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Dance in a Buffalo Skull. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (drummers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 drummers | det |
| 2 | drummers | drummer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 beat | nsubj |
| 3 | beat | beat | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 time | det |
| 5 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 beat | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 turning | punct |
| 7 | turning | turn | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 beat | advcl |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 heads | nmod:poss |
| 9 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 turning | obj |
| 10 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 side | case |
| 11 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 turning | obl |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 13 side | case |
| 13 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 turning | obl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 rhythm | case |
| 15 | rhythm | rhythm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 side | nmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 beat | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | beat | past | the drummers | time | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | turn | gerund | the drummers not said here | drummers's heads | side | to side in rhythm | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.agent V NP.theme PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme from side=Source to side=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/11/31/