Old Indian Legends, The Toad and the Boy, sentence 10
Leaning on one hand and softly whispering a little lullaby, she threw a light cover over her baby.
Who acts: babe · What happens: lean, whisper, throw · To what, where: one hand, little lullaby, light cover, baby
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Toad and the Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (babe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Leaning | lean | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 threw | advcl |
| 2 | on | on | ADP | _ | 4 hand | case |
| 3 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 hand | nummod |
| 4 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Leaning | obl |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 whispering | cc |
| 6 | softly | softly | ADV | _ | 7 whispering | advmod |
| 7 | whispering | whisper | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Leaning | conj |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 lullaby | det |
| 9 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 lullaby | amod |
| 10 | lullaby | lullaby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 whispering | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Leaning | punct |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 threw | nsubj |
| 13 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 cover | det |
| 15 | light | light | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 cover | amod |
| 16 | cover | cover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 threw | obj |
| 17 | over | over | ADP | _ | 19 baby | case |
| 18 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 baby | nmod:poss |
| 19 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 threw | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 threw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lean | gerund | babe not said here | one hand | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on hand=Location | ||||
| 2 | whisper speech: assert | gerund | babe not said here | a little lullaby | softly property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lullaby=Topic | |||
| 3 | throw | past | babe | a light cover | babe's baby | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent cover=Theme over baby=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/12/10/