Old Indian Legends, The Toad and the Boy, sentence 32
Along the shore of the lakes, among the high-grown reeds, they looked in vain.
Who acts: tears · What happens: grow, look · To what, where: vain
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Toad and the Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Along | along | ADP | _ | 3 shore | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 shore | det |
| 3 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 looked | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 lakes | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 lakes | det |
| 6 | lakes | lake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 shore | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 reeds | punct |
| 8 | among | among | ADP | _ | 13 reeds | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 reeds | det |
| 10 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 grown | compound |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 high | punct |
| 12 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 reeds | amod |
| 13 | reeds | reed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 lakes | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 shore | punct |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 looked | nsubj |
| 16 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 vain | case |
| 18 | vain | vain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 looked | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | look | past | tears = tear | vain | along the shore of the lakes and the grown reeds | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent along shore=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/12/32/