Old Indian Legends, The Toad and the Boy, sentence 35

It was sad, indeed, to hear the mother wailing aloud for her little son.

Who acts: search, mother · What happens: be, hear, wail · To what, where: mother

This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Toad and the Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (search, mother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 sad	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 sad	cop
3	sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 hear	punct
5	indeed	indeed	ADV	_	8 hear	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 hear	punct
7	to	to	PART	_	8 hear	mark
8	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 sad	conj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 mother	det
10	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 hear	obj
11	wailing	wail	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 mother	acl
12	aloud	aloud	ADV	_	11 wailing	advmod
13	for	for	ADP	_	16 son	case
14	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 son	nmod:poss
15	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 son	amod
16	son	son	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 wailing	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sad	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	past	search		sad property	tree rules
2	hear	to-infinitive	search not said here	the mother	indeed property	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer mother=Stimulus
3	wail	gerund	the mother not said here		for mother's little son; aloud property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for son=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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