Old Indian Legends, The Toad and the Boy, sentence 4
Near by, within their wigwams, the wives were roasting wild duck and making down pillows.
Who acts: wives · What happens: roast, make · To what, where: wild duck, down pillows
This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Toad and the Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wives), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Checked tree. This sentence is in the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3 (gutenberg:pg338:962): parsed by Mova, then checked and patched by a teacher model under UD validation gates — Mova annot: Rust (en) → Claude Opus (medium) patches; gates UD 2.18.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Near | near | ADV | _ | 11 roasting | advmod |
| 2 | by | by | ADV | _ | 1 Near | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 wigwams | punct |
| 4 | within | within | ADP | _ | 6 wigwams | case |
| 5 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 wigwams | nmod:poss |
| 6 | wigwams | wigwam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 roasting | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 wigwams | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 wives | det |
| 9 | wives | wife | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 roasting | nsubj |
| 10 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 roasting | aux |
| 11 | roasting | roast | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 12 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 duck | amod |
| 13 | duck | duck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 roasting | obj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 making | cc |
| 15 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 roasting | conj |
| 16 | down | down | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 pillows | compound |
| 17 | pillows | pillow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 making | obj |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 roasting | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | roast | past · progressive | the wives | wild duck | within arrows's wigwams; near property | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent duck=Patient | |||
| 2 | make | gerund | the wives not said here | down pillows | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pillow=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: the tales treebank of Mova corpus 0.3, Apache-2.0 OR MIT. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg338/12/4/