Old Indian Legends, The Toad and the Boy, sentence 80

The toad mother said within her breast, “The human child has heard and seen his real mother.

Who acts: toad mother, human child · What happens: say, hear, see · To what, where: real mother · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, The Toad and the Boy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (toad mother, human child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 mother	det
2	toad	toad	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 mother	compound
3	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 said	nsubj
4	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	within	within	ADP	_	7 breast	case
6	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 breast	nmod:poss
7	breast	breast	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 said	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 heard	punct
9	“	"	PUNCT	_	14 heard	punct
10	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 child	det
11	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 child	amod
12	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 heard	nsubj
13	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 heard	aux
14	heard	hear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 said	conj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 seen	cc
16	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 heard	conj
17	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	19 mother	nmod:poss
18	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 mother	amod
19	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 seen	obj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 said	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	the toad mother		within mother's breast	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	hear in a quote	present · perfect	the human child			vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer
3	see in a quote	participle	the human child not said here	child's real mother		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mother=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Old Indian Legends» by Zitkala-Sa, Project Gutenberg book 338 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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